tio/man/tio.1.in

.TH "tio" "1" "@version_date@" "tio @version@" "User Commands"

.SH "NAME"
tio \- a simple serial device I/O tool

.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.PP
.B tio
.RI "[" <options> "] " "<tty-device|sub-config>"

.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.PP
\fBtio\fR is a simple serial device tool which features a straightforward
command-line and configuration file interface to easily connect to serial TTY
devices for basic I/O operations.

.SH "OPTIONS"

.TP
.BR \-b ", " "\-\-baudrate " \fI<bps>

Set baud rate [bps] (default: 115200).
.TP
.BR \-d ", " "\-\-databits 5" | 6 | 7 | 8

Set data bits (default: 8).
.TP
.BR \-f ", " "\-\-flow hard" | soft | none

Set flow control (default: none).
.TP
.BR \-s ", " "\-\-stopbits 1" | 2

Set stop bits (default: 1).
.TP
.BR \-p ", " "\-\-parity odd" | even | none | mark | space

Set parity (default: none).

Note: With \fBmark\fR parity the parity bit is always 0. With \fBspace\fR
parity the parity bit is always 1. Not all platforms support \fBmark\fR and
\fBspace\fR parity.

.TP
.BR \-o ", " "\-\-output\-delay " \fI<ms>

Set output delay [ms] inserted between each sent character (default: 0).

.TP
.BR \-O ", " "\-\-output\-line\-delay " \fI<ms>

Set output delay [ms] inserted between each sent line (default: 0).

.TP
.BR "    \-\-line\-pulse\-duration " \fI<duration>

Set the pulse duration [ms] of each serial port line using the following key
value pair format in the duration field: <key>=<value>

Each key represents a serial line. The following keys are available:

.RS
.TP 8n
.IP \fBDTR
Data Terminal Ready
.IP \fBRTS
Request To Send
.IP \fBCTS
Clear To Send
.IP \fBDSR
Data Set Ready
.IP \fBDCD
Data Carrier Detect
.IP \fBRI
Ring Indicator
.P
If defining more than one key value pair, the pairs must be comma separated.

The default pulse duration for each line is 100 ms.
.RE

.TP
.BR \-n ", " \-\-no\-autoconnect

Disable automatic connect.

By default tio automatically connects to the provided device if present. If the
device is not present, it will wait for it to appear and then connect. If the
connection is lost (eg. device disconnects), it will wait for the device to
reappear and then reconnect.

However, if the \fB\-\-no\-autoconnect\fR option is provided, tio will exit if
the device is not present or an established connection is lost.

.TP
.BR \-e ", " "\-\-local\-echo

Enable local echo.

.TP
.BR \-t ", " \-\-timestamp

Enable line timestamp.

.TP
.BR "    \-\-timestamp-format \fI<format>

Set timestamp format to any of the following timestamp formats:
.RS
.TP 16n

.IP "\fB24hour"
24-hour format ("hh:mm:ss.sss")
.IP "\fB24hour-start"
24-hour format relative to start time
.IP "\fB24hour-delta"
24-hour format relative to previous timestamp
.IP "\fBiso8601"
ISO8601 format ("YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.sss")
.PP
Default format is \fB24hour\fR
.RE

.TP
.BR \-L ", " \-\-list\-devices

List available serial devices by ID.

.TP
.BR \-l ", " \-\-log

Enable log to file.

If no filename is provided the filename will be automatically generated.

.TP
.BR "    \-\-log-file \fI<filename>

Set log filename.

.TP
.BR "    \-\-log-strip

Strip control characters and escape sequences from log.

.TP
.BR \-m ", " "\-\-map " \fI<flags>

Map (replace, translate) characters on input or output. The following mapping
flags are supported:

.RS
.TP 12n
.IP "\fBICRNL"
Map CR to NL on input (unless IGNCR is set)
.IP "\fBIGNCR"
Ignore CR on input
.IP "\fBINLCR"
Map NL to CR on input
.IP "\fBINLCRNL"
Map NL to CR-NL on input
.IP "\fBOCRNL"
Map CR to NL on output
.IP "\fBODELBS"
Map DEL to BS on output
.IP "\fBONLCRNL"
Map NL to CR-NL on output
.IP "\fBOLTU"
Map lowercase characters to uppercase on output
.P
If defining more than one flag, the flags must be comma separated.
.RE

.TP
.BR \-x ", " \-\-hexadecimal

Enable hexadecimal mode.

.TP
.BR \-c ", " "\-\-color " \fI0..255|bold|none|list

Colorize tio text using ANSI color code value ranging from 0 to 255 or use
"none" for no color or use "bold" to apply bold formatting to existing system
color.

Use "list" to print a list of available ANSI color codes.

Default value is "bold".

.TP
.BR \-S ", " "\-\-socket \fI<socket>\fR\fB

Redirect I/O to socket. Any input from clients connected to the socket is sent
on the serial port as if entered at the terminal where tio is running (except
that \fBctrl-t\fR sequences are not recognized), and any input from the serial
port is multiplexed to the terminal and all connected clients.

Sockets remain open while the serial port is disconnected, and writes will block.

Various socket types are supported using the following prefixes in the socket field:

.RS
.TP 20n
.IP "\fBunix:<filename>"
Unix Domain Socket (file)
.IP "\fBinet:<port>"
Internet Socket (network)
.IP "\fBinet6:<port>"
Internet IPv6 Socket (network)
.P
If port is 0 or no port is provided default port 3333 is used.
.P
At present there is a hardcoded limit of 16 clients connected at one time.
.RE

.TP
.BR \-r ", " \-\-response-wait

Wait for line response then quit. A line is considered any string ending with
either CR or NL character. If no line is received tio will quit after response
timeout.

Any tio text is automatically muted when piping a string to tio while in
response mode to make it easy to parse the response.

.TP
.BR "    \-\-response\-timeout " \fI<ms>

Set timeout [ms] of line response (default: 100).

.TP
.BR "    \-\-rs\-485"

Enable RS-485 mode.

.TP
.BR "    \-\-rs\-485\-config " \fI<config>

Set the RS-485 configuration using the following key or key value pair format in
the configuration field:

.RS
.TP 30n
.IP \fBRTS_ON_SEND=value
Set logical level (0 or 1) for RTS pin when sending
.IP \fBRTS_AFTER_SEND=value
Set logical level (0 or 1) for RTS pin after sending
.IP \fBRTS_DELAY_BEFORE_SEND=value
Set RTS delay (ms) before sending
.IP \fBRTS_DELAY_AFTER_SEND=value
Set RTS delay (ms) after sending
.IP \fBRX_DURING_TX
Receive data even while sending data
.P
If defining more than one key or key value pair, they must be comma separated.
.RE

.TP
.BR "\-\-alert none|bell|blink"

Set alert action on connect/disconnect.

It will sound the bell once or blink once on successful connect. Likewise it
will sound the bell twice or blink twice on disconnect.

Default value is "none".

.TP
.BR \-v ", " \-\-version

Display program version.
.TP
.BR \-h ", " \-\-help

Display help.
.SH "KEYS"
.PP
.TP 16n
In session, the following key sequences, a prefix key (default: ctrl-t) followed by a command key, are intercepted as tio commands:
.IP "\fBctrl-t ?"
List available key commands
.IP "\fBctrl-t b"
Send serial break (triggers SysRq on Linux, etc.)
.IP "\fBctrl-t c"
Show configuration (baudrate, databits, etc.)
.IP "\fBctrl-t e"
Toggle local echo mode
.IP "\fBctrl-t g"
Toggle serial port line
.IP "\fBctrl-t h"
Toggle hexadecimal mode
.IP "\fBctrl-t l"
Clear screen
.IP "\fBctrl-t L"
Show line states (DTR, RTS, CTS, DSR, DCD, RI)
.IP "\fBctrl-t p"
Pulse serial port line
.IP "\fBctrl-t q"
Quit
.IP "\fBctrl-t s"
Show TX/RX statistics
.IP "\fBctrl-t t"
Toggle line timestamp mode
.IP "\fBctrl-t U"
Toggle conversion to uppercase on output
.IP "\fBctrl-t v"
Show version

.SH "HEXADECIMAL MODE"
.PP
In hexadecimal mode each incoming byte is printed out as a hexadecimal value.

.PP
Bytes can be sent in this mode by typing the \fBtwo-character hexadecimal\fR
representation of the value, e.g.: to send \fI0xA\fR you must type \fI0a\fR or
\fI0A\fR.

.SH "CONFIGURATION FILE"
.PP
Options can be set via configuration file using the INI format. \fBtio\fR uses
the configuration file first found in the following locations in the order
listed:

.PP
.I $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/tio/tiorc
.PP
.I $HOME/.config/tio/tiorc
.PP
.I $HOME/.tiorc

.PP
Labels can be used to group settings into named sub-configurations which can be
activated from the command-line when starting tio.

.PP
\fBtio\fR will try to match the user input to a sub-configuration by name or by
pattern to get the tty and other options.

.PP
Options without any label change the default options.

.PP
Any options set via command-line will override options set in the configuration file.

.PP
The following configuration file options are available:

.TP 25n
.IP "\fBpattern"
Pattern matching user input. This pattern can be an extended regular expression with a single group.
.IP "\fBtty"
tty device to open. If it contains a "%s" it is substituted with the first group match.
.IP "\fBbaudrate"
Set baud rate
.IP "\fBdatabits"
Set data bits
.IP "\fBflow"
Set flow control
.IP "\fBstopbits"
Set stop bits
.IP "\fBparity"
Set parity
.IP "\fBoutput-delay"
Set output character delay
.IP "\fBoutput-line-delay"
Set output line delay
.IP "\fBline-pulse-duration"
Set line pulse duration
.IP "\fBno-autoconnect"
Disable automatic connect
.IP "\fBlog"
Enable log to file
.IP "\fBlog-file"
Set log filename
.IP "\fBlog-strip"
Enable strip of control and escape sequences from log
.IP "\fBlocal-echo"
Enable local echo
.IP "\fBtimestamp"
Enable line timestamp
.IP "\fBtimestamp-format"
Set timestamp format
.IP "\fBmap"
Map characters on input or output
.IP "\fBcolor"
Colorize tio text using ANSI color code ranging from 0 to 255
.IP "\fBhexadecimal"
Enable hexadecimal mode
.IP "\fBsocket"
Set socket to redirect I/O to
.IP "\fBprefix-ctrl-key"
Set prefix ctrl key (a..z, default: t)
.IP "\fBresponse-wait"
Enable wait for line response
.IP "\fBresponse-timeout"
Set line response timeout
.IP "\fBrs-485"
Enable RS-485 mode
.IP "\fBrs-485-config"
Set RS-485 configuration
.IP "\fBalert"
Set alert action on connect/disconnect

.SH "CONFIGURATION FILE EXAMPLES"

.TP
To change the default configuration simply set options like so:

.RS
.nf
.eo
# Defaults
baudrate = 9600
databits = 8
parity = none
stopbits = 1
color = 10
line-pulse-duration = DTR=200,RTS=400
.ec
.fi
.RE

.TP
Named sub-configurations can be added via labels:

.RS
.nf
.eo
[rpi3]
tty = /dev/serial/by-id/usb-FTDI_TTL232R-3V3_FTGQVXBL-if00-port0
baudrate = 115200
color = 11
.ec
.fi
.RE

.TP
Activate the sub-configuration by name:

$ tio rpi3

.TP
Which is equivalent to:

$ tio -b 115200 -c 11 /dev/serial/by-id/usb-FTDI_TTL232R-3V3_FTGQVXBL-if00-port0

.TP
A sub-configuration can also be activated by its pattern which supports regular expressions:

.RS
.nf
.eo
[usb device]
pattern = usb([0-9]*)
tty = /dev/ttyUSB%s
baudrate = 115200
.ec
.fi
.RE

.TP
Activate the sub-configuration by pattern match:

$ tio usb12

.TP
Which is equivalent to:

$ tio -b 115200 /dev/ttyUSB12

.TP
It is also possible to combine use of sub-configuration and command-line options. For example:

$ tio -l -t usb12

.SH "EXAMPLES"
.TP
Typical use is without options:

$ tio /dev/ttyUSB0
.TP
Which corresponds to the commonly used default options:

$ tio \-b 115200 \-d 8 \-f none \-s 1 \-p none /dev/ttyUSB0
.TP
It is recommended to connect serial tty devices by ID:

$ tio /dev/serial/by\-id/usb\-FTDI_TTL232R-3V3_FTGQVXBL\-if00\-port0
.PP
Using serial devices by ID ensures that tio automatically reconnects to the
correct serial device if it is disconnected and then reconnected.
.TP
Redirect serial device I/O to Unix file socket for scripting:

$ tio -S unix:/tmp/tmux-socket0 /dev/ttyUSB0

.TP
Then, to issue a command via the file socket simply do:

$ echo "ls -la" | nc -UN /tmp/tmux-socket0 > /dev/null

.TP
Or use the expect command to script an interaction:

.RS
.nf
.eo
#!/usr/bin/expect -f

set timeout -1
log_user 0

spawn nc -UN /tmp/tio-socket0
set uart $spawn_id

send -i $uart "date\n"
expect -i $uart "prompt> "
send -i $uart "ls -la\n"
expect -i $uart "prompt> "
.ec
.fi
.RE

.TP
Redirect device I/O to network file socket for remote tty sharing:

$ tio --socket inet:4444 /dev/ttyUSB0

.TP

Then, use netcat to connect to the shared tty session over network (assuming tio is hosted on IP 10.0.0.42):

$ nc -N 10.0.0.42 4444

.TP
Pipe command to the serial device:

$ echo "ls -la" | tio /dev/serial/by\-id/usb\-FTDI_TTL232R-3V3_FTGQVXBL\-if00\-port0

.TP
Pipe command to the serial device and wait for line response (string ending with CR or NL):

$ echo "*IDN?" | tio /dev/ttyACM0 --response-wait
.TP
In this mode, only the response will be printed.

.TP
Likewise, to pipe data from file to the serial device:

$ cat data.bin | tio /dev/serial/by\-id/usb\-FTDI_TTL232R-3V3_FTGQVXBL\-if00\-port0

.TP
Enable RS-485 mode:

$ tio --rs-485 --rs-485-config=RTS_ON_SEND=1,RX_DURING_TX /dev/ttyUSB0

.SH "WEBSITE"
.PP
Visit https://tio.github.io

.SH "AUTHOR"
.PP
Created by Martin Lund <martin.lund@keep\-it\-simple.com>.